Database or database part 1

Database or database
Database or database is a collection of information stored in the computer systematically so that it can be accessed using a computer program to obtain information from the database. The software used for query management and query databases is called database management system (database management system, DBMS). Data-driven system.

The term "basic data" starts with computer science. However it is getting wider, enter things outside the field of electronics, this article on computer databases. Similar records to the database actually existed before the industrial revolution in the form of ledgers, receipts and data related to business.

The basic concept of a database is a collection of records, or pieces of knowledge. A database has a structured explanation of the types of facts stored in it: this is called schemas. The schema describes the object represented by a database, and the relationship between the object. There are many ways to organize the schema, or model the database structure: this is known as a database model or data model. The commonly used model now is the relational model, which, in layman terms, represents all information in the form of interconnected tables in which each table consists of rows and columns (the actual definition uses mathematical terminology). In this model, relationships between tables are represented by using the same values ​​between tables. Other models such as hierarchical models and network models use a more explicit way to represent relationships between tables

The term database refers to a collection of interconnected data, and the software should refer to a database management system (DBMS). If the context is clear, many administrators and programmers use database terms for both meanings.

So the concept of a database or database is a collection of data that form a file (file) are interconnected (relation) with certain procedures to form new data or information. Or database (database) is a collection of interconnected data (relation) between one another that is organized based on a particular scheme or structure. On a computer, the database is stored in a hardware storage device, and with certain software is manipulated by certain interests or interests. Relationships or data relationships are usually indicated by the key (key) of each file. Data is a fact or value (value) that recorded or represent the description of an object. Data that is a recorded fact and subsequent processing (process) into a useful form or useful for the wearer will form what is called information. The complex and integrated form of information and processing of a database with the computer will be used for the decision-making process in management to develop the Management Information System (MIS), the data in the database is the smallest and most important item to build a good and valid database. Data in the database is integrated and shared:

      Integrated (integrated), the data files in the database are interrelated (data dependencies occur);
      Shared data (shared), the same data can be used by a number of users at the same time. Often called            multiuser system

Data is a very useful resource for almost all organizations. With the availability of abundant data, then the problem of regulating data effectively becomes a very important thing in the development of management information system. Therefore, the purpose of the arrangement of data is as follows:

     Provides data storage to be used by organizations now and in the future.
     As a means of data entry so as to facilitate the task of the operator and also related to the time required         by the user to obtain the data and rights owned to the data handled
     Control of data for each cycle to keep data up to date and can reflect the specific changes that occur in         each system.
     Security of data against possible additions, modifications, theft, and other disturbances.

A database building has the following levels:

     Characters, are the smallest pieces of data in the form of numbers, letters, or special characters that                makeup a data item or field. Examples A, B, X, Y, 2,1,2,9,0, =, <,> and so on.
     Field / item, is a representation of an attribute and record (tape / tuple) of a kind that shows an item of           data. Name field example (contains data of employee names), department field (contains part data or job       specification), and so on.
     Record / tape / tuple: A collection of fields form a record or recording. Records describe a specific unit         of individual data. Example: employee file, where each record contains a collection of data names,                 addresses, departments, which can represent each data.
     File, is a collection of records that describe a unity of similar data. Examples of employee files contain           data about all employee-related personnel such as employee name, employee's address, department,             which can represent each data.
     Database, is kumupan of file or table that form a database. An example of PT Maju Continent employee       database consists of employee files, payroll files, group files, and so on.